Before has been sorting out the united states hunting and archery related information, and now intend to issue in batches, first for everyone to discuss and supplement, after finishing, is expected to produce a collection version.
Today’s release is the arrow feather related Knowledge,arrow feather material, shape,paste direction,paste position and arrow feather size,quantity and other influences.
The arrow feathers are basically parallel to the arrow shaft and attached to the tail of the arrow shaft (some traditional arrows will tie the arrow feathers to the tail with a thin string).The main function is to correct and maintain the flight direction of the arrow shaft through the air resistance and rudder surface effect generated by the arrow feathers in flight.According to the material,feather shape,feather number and paste direction,the arrow feathers can be generally divided into the following categories.
Ⅰ,according to the arrow feather material classification.
1.True feathers
Arrow feathers made from bird feathers. In history, many arrow feathers are made from the wings or tail of eagles, eagles and geese, while modern beauty hunting mostly uses processed Turkey feathers. Turkey feathers are light in weight,hard in texture and good in passability. In case of accidental collision with the bow window of the arrow platform,the real feather can be spread after falling,the friction force is relatively small, the impact on the flight direction of the arrow shaft is not too great, and it has a good fault tolerance,so it is usually recommended to use the real feather. Of course the consistency of the real feather is slightly lacking,and the flight stability of the arrow will be affected by water in the outdoors, and the hair loss will occur during use. But this kind of loss on the flight of the arrow is not obvious.
The image below shows the true feather
2. Rubber feathers
Arrow feathers made of rubber material,its shape, weight consistency and durability is better than the real feather, strong environmental adaptability, not afraid of rain, humidity, but the relative weight is larger than the real feather, aging deformation or damage after the shooting has a certain impact, mostly used in competitive bending and compound bow. The United States hunting can also use rubber feathers, but generally not recommended,mainly because the impact of rubber feathers is poor, will magnify the error caused by the arrow feathers against the bow
window of the arrow platform,but also aggravate the wear of the arrow platform fur so the use of rubber feathers, the location of the arrow point is generally higher than the use of real feathers, and the matching of the arrow shaft deflection and release technology requirements are higher than the use of real feathers. The picture below shows the rubber arrow feathers
3. Plastic feathers
Arrow feathers made of plastic,light weight, thin thickness,high consistency,not afraid of moisture, can be made into a spiral,often used in professional competitions, plastic spiral feathers can drive the arrow to the shaft as the axis of rotation further improve the directivity of the arrow, but the size of the spiral feather is usually small, more suitable for thin arrows, More used in outdoor competition or hunting,durability is generally not as good as rubber feathers, may shatter after collision.
Below is a plastic spiral arrow feather
Ⅱ, according to the arrow feather shape classification The shape of the straight arrow feather has no significant impact on the flight of the arrow basically, some arrow feathers may be more retro shape the archer can choose the arrow feathers according to their preferences, the mainstream arrow feathers generally have the following shapes.
1. Shield fletching
Shield fletching, the tail end of the fletching is approximately right-angled
2 Drop shaped arrow feathers
The drop shaped arrow feather,the tail end of the arrow feather is circular
3 Spindle fletchings
Shuttle-shaped fletchings,both ends of the fletchings are pointed, large length,low heightwind resistance is generally small
4. Knife-shaped fletching
A knife-shaped arrow feather with a sharp Angle at the tail end
5 Blazer feathers
A Blazer, similar to a teardrop-shaped arrow, is a typical gummy feather shape and is usually smaller in size
Ⅲ, sort by arrow feather paste direction
1,straight feather
The arrow feathers paste the direction parallel to the arrow shaft, arrow flight basically will not be along the shaft axis of rapid rotation (some straight feathers due to pasting accuracy or feather flatness,will also occur rotation),straight feathers flight resistance is small, is beneficial to save the arrow speed, in the middle and far distance, the arrow into the target storage speed is higher, but the arrow correction speed is slower, more suitable for the pursuit of high arrow speed archer. The picture below shows the straight feather
2. Diagonal and spiral feathers
The oblique feather is the direction of the arrow feather paste at a certain Angle with the shaft axis, and the spiral feather is the helical shape of the feather. Both of these arrow feathers can produce the rudder effect during flight, so that the arrow shaft rotates rapidly on the axis (up to thousands of revolutions per minute).,and then quickly correct the flight attitude of the arrow, the swing of the arrow shaft due to deflection can be reduced faster, and the arrow branch produces a gyroscope effect, increasing the directionality of the arrow, but the arrow feather windward area increases, the flight resistance increases,the arrow speed loss is larger than the straight feather,generally suitable for outdoor games or hunting, in addition, the wind resistance of the true feather is actually not significantly improved,in the case of wind, the true feather The flight path of the skew feather can take a spiral shape.The skew plume and spiral plume in the medium and short range, because the arrow plume correction speed is faster, generally better than the straight plume concentration, but in the long range, due to the loss of arrow speed, may cause the change of high and low arrow point, and the gyro effect will make the arrow branch appear in the radial precession, that is,the displacement perpendicular to the flight direction, will have a certain impact on the medium and long distance concentration.
However,under the limited technical level,the direct feather, the oblique feather,the spiral feather in the middle and far distance,the influence of the arrow distribution concentration is not very obvious,so which type of arrow feather is used,the novice can not be too tangled.
Below is the oblique feather(right-handed feather).
The Angle between the oblique feather and the arrow shaft is usually about 0.5°~1.5°. If the Angle is too large, the rotation speed will be faster, but the flight resistance will also increase significantly,and the arrow speed will be lost. On the other hand, if the paste Angle is too small the correction speed of the arrow will be weakened.Oblique feathers according to the arrow when the direction of rotation,can be divided into right-handed feathers and left-handed feathers,generally from the arrow tail to the arrow direction, when the arrow tail is in the left side of the arrow headthe arrow will rotate clockwise after shooting, that is, right-handed feathers:When the tail end of the arrow is on the right side of the arrow head,the arrow will rotate counterclockwise after shooting, that is, left-handed feather. There is basically no difference between left-handed feathers and right-handed feathers on the flight of arrows, but when entering the target, because the target will produce rotation resistance to the arrow, for the threaded arrow,the arrow of the right-handed feather will tighten the arrow along the trend,and the arrow of the left-handed feather will loosen, so it is generally recommended to use the right-handed feather to prevent the threaded arrow from loosening during useThe following figure shows the difference and distinction between right-handed and left-handed feathers
3 Wrap feathers
the arrow feathers are attached to the tail of the arrow by winding method the whole feather is distributed in a spiral, and the arrow shaft is spread out as the center,so there is no need to distinguish the main and secondary feathers. Compared with the inclined and spiral feathers,this type of arrow feather has greater windward resistance, more obvious correction effect and deceleration effect,which can effectively reduce the range and end arrow speed. It is mostly used for shooting arrows and shooting targets at high altitudes, and its significant deceleration effect can enhance certain safety in such archery experience. The picture below shows the winding feather
lv. Main parameters of arrow feather and related effects1,arrow feather size
The length of the fletchings is 3 inches (76 mm),4 inches(102 mm),5 inches (127 mm),and other sizes are 1.75 inches (44 mm),2 inches(51 mm),and 2.5 inches (63.5 mm). Generally,the arrows below 3 inches (including 3 inches) are suitable for 4.2 mm inside diameter and below thin arrows, and 4 inches to 5 inches are suitable for thick arrows. Generally, the longer the fletches (or the larger the area),the stronger the ability to correct the arrow, the shorter the correction distance will be required,but the air resistance will be greater, and the resistance to crosswind will be reduced. In addition,the heavier the whole arrow, the greater the correction force
required, and the longer the size of the fit fletches, or the larger the area of the fletches.
2,the number of arrows
Most of the United States hunting using three feather, each feather spacing 120°,need to distinguish the main and secondary feathers, generally the main feather and two secondary feathers will have a difference in color when the arrow, the main feather perpendicular to the bow string,and pointing to the direction of the bow window opening, if the
opposite,the main feather is easy to touch the bow window side pad when the arrow is out, And affect the shooting accuracy(when the secondary feathers match the deflection of the shaft, the tail of the arrow will be deformed by the deflection,and it is easier to avoid the side pad).The picture below shows the main and secondary feathers of a three-feather arrow
In fact, in addition to the mainstream three-pin arrows, there are two-pin arrows, four-pin arrows, multiple-pin arrows and no-pin arrows (light poles) and other different types of arrow feathers.
From left to right, the arrow tails in the following figure: No Arrow, Double Arrow, Triple Arrow, 90°Quad Arrow,120°Quad Arrow
The double-pile arrow has been used for many times in the history, and the feather pasting process is simple, easy to mass produce, small flight resistance, high long-distance storage speed of the arrow, but the stability and correction are poor, therefore, besides seeking the experience of retro bow and arrow, the usage amount is not much at present. For the bow that has the bow window and arrowhead, the general need to set a slightly higher arrow point to prevent the arrow feathers from hitting the arrowhead.
The stability and correction of the four arrows are very high, the correction distance of the arrows is shorter than that of the three arrows, the correction speed is faster, the main and the auxiliary feathers are not needed to be distinguished, the forward and the reverse arrows can be used, and are suitable for rapid shooting and riding shooting. However, the flight resistance is larger than that of the three-pin arrow, which has obvious influence on the speed and range of the arrow, and the anti-wind deviation is also reduced, so it is generally suitable for mid-to-near range.Four arrows usually have two methods of sticking feathers, one is 90 ° evenly divided, the other is 120°symmetrical distribution.Generally,120°symmetrically distributed quads are easier to avoic than 90 °evenly distributed quads, but need to pay attention to the arrow direction.(120° arrow plumes should be pointed toward the side cushion). lf the number of arrows is more than four, the number is multiple arrows. The stability and correction of the multi-pile arrows are very strong, but the flight resistance is too large, the speed loss is obvious, the general practicality is not strong, and it is used in the performance of the aerobatic archery.
A featherless arrow, a light shaft that does not stick feathers, is used primarily to calibrate the dynamic deflection of the arrow to better match the actual weight of the bow, thereby improving accuracy and concentration. Of course, legends in the history also appeared in the arrow tail processing slot, using air vortex to stabilize the arrow branches of the light arrow, that is, the wind and feather arrow, not repeated here.
To sum up, the number of arrow feathers is inversely
proportional to the speed of arrows and wind resistance, and is proportional to the stability and correction efficiency. Below is the 90°arrow
The following figure is a 120°arrow.
The following figure shows the polished rod without arrows.
3、Affixing position of arrow feather and arrow feather sheathThe closer the affixing position of the arrow feather is to the tail of the arrow, the greater the correction moment of the arrow feather, and the better the correction speed and stability. However, if the affixing position is too far back, the position of the hook string will be affected. After all, the angle of the mouth is used as the position of the affixing position for most beauty hunts. Arrow feathers too far back may cause the main feathers to stab into the mouth, so the distance between the end of the arrow feathers and the end of the arrows is usually about 4-6 cm.
The front end of Chinese-made real arrow feathers usually has a sheath made of heat-shrinkable tubes (which shrink when heated). (or straight tape winding, some traditional wood arrows will use wire winding) The first is to protect the bow holder and the archer's window from being scratched by the feather terrier. (Especially for classical traditional bows and Wutai beauty hunts, arrow feathers may rub the back of the hand) The second is to protect the arrow feathers from degumming in collision. However, some heat shrinkable tubes may be loose after long-term use, and generally can be replaced by heating.
The following figure shows the location of the arrow feathers
Arrow feather sheath
5.The Simple Principle of Arrow Feather Correction
Here is a brief description of the principle and process of the correction of arrow feathers with the posture of the arrow tail.
When the arrow leaves the string in the posture that the arrow tail is upturned, the horizontal arrow feathers have a certain angle with the windward direction to become the part of the whole arrow with the maximum wind resistance, and the windward resistance acting on the arrow feathers can be decomposed to form the correction component. generating a rudder effect to make the arrow deflect approximately around the center of gravity until the direction of the arrow feathers is basically consistent with the direction of the windward, so that the arrow feathers do not generate obvious lateral correction force except the windward resistance.
The following figure shows the correction principle of arrow feathers
